Purpose

• Review the Basics of Information Superiority and Network Centric Warfare
• Provide Examples of the Growing Body of Evidence
• Discuss IS and NCW-related Experimentation

Agenda

• Purpose
• Information Superiority
• Network Centric Warfare
• Thoughts on Experimentation

Information is Different

• Develop Once - Use Many Times - and Simultaneously
• Value is Not Created Until the End of the Last Mile




Value Enhancers Sharing Timeliness Assured Availability Security and Confidence Context and Confusion The Wheat Accuracy and Completeness

Value Detractors Lack of Interoperability and Disconnects Delays Disruptions and Lack of Reliability Compromise Stovepiped Information The Chaff and Overload Poor Quality



• A Vulnerability Created by One is a Vulnerability Imposed upon All
• A Deficiency Created by One is a Deficiency for All

Information Superiority: What is it?

The RIGHT Information from Sources to People at Time and Place in Format.DPG   Assured Information on Demand Anywhere in Real Time with Zero Error

The capability to collect, process, and disseminate an uninterrupted flow of information while exploiting or denying an adversary's ability to do the same. DPG and Joint Pub 9-13 Different Perspectives, the Same Bottom Line: More for Us; Less for Them

Seamless Joint and Combined Interoperability

Two Sides of Information Superiority

Information Superiority

      The ability to develop and use information
                                                while denying an adversary the same capability

Elements of Information Superiority

Awareness & Knowledge

Sharing

• Sharing Lies at the Core of IS & NCW
• Entry Fee is the "Network" (the GIG)
• Sharing Has an Organizational, a Behavioral, and a Technical Component
• Interoperability v. Cooperability
• Technical Component Enables
• Organizational and Behavioral Components Generate Value

  

Collaboration

• Collaboration in the Information Domain Creates an Information Advantage
• Collaboration in the Operational Domain Creates Value by Exploiting an Information Advantage to Create a Competitive Advantage
• Collaboration Takes Places "on the Net"or is Reflected "in the Net"
• The Ability to Share Creates New Forms of Collaboration
  • e.g., Self-Synchronization

Protect, Deny, and Exploit

• IO is Dynamic and N-Sided - Blue, Red, Others (e.g. CNN) The Objective is to Improve Blue's Relative Information Position

Agenda

• Purpose
• Information Superiority
• Network Centric Warfare
• Thoughts on Experimentation

Network Centric Warfare

A Warfighting Concept
that Enables a Network Centric Force
to Significantly Increase Combat Power by Achieving

Attributes of Platform-Centric Operations Attributes of Network-Centric Operations

Network Centric Warfare Translates Information Superiority into Combat Power

Information Advantage

Attributes of Platform-Centric Operations Attributes of Network-Centric Operations

Networking the Force

• A network-centric force is an interoperable force
• A network-centric force provides Commanders with the capability to dynamically network (connect, share, and collaborate)
  • Sensors (regardless of platform)
  • Decision-makers (regardless of location)
  • Shooters (regardless of service)

Networking the Force

Sensor Networks: Joint Composite Tracking Network (CEC) < 100 Users Joint Data Network (Link 16/11) < 500 Users Joint Planning Network (GCCS) ~1000 Users

Sensor Fusion Weapons Control Force Control Self-Synchronizing Forces Force Coordination

Networking the Force

• A network-centric force has the capability to generate shared battlespace awareness

The generation of shared battlespace awareness requires the robust networking of the blue force.

Increased Awareness

Sensor Networks enable Commanders to - Rapidly generate Battlespace Awareness - Syncronized with operations Components of Sensor Networks - Space, Air, Sea, Ground and Cyberspace    Based Sensors Operational Capabilities - Improved Data Fusion - Dynamic Sensor Tasking - Universal Sensor Recruitment

Increased Battlespace Awareness

Threat Trends

Reduced Signature Normal
		Stationary	Transient
		Operational "Volatility"

Increased Awareness

Payoff of Sensor Fusion

Cooperative Engagement

E-C2 Hawkeyes Sensor Data Fusion Decreases Time Required to Generate Engagement Quality Awareness

Generates engagement quality Battlespace Awareness with reduced timelines Fuses multi-sensor data Quantum improvement in track accuracy, continuity, and target identification Extends detection ranges Track Accuracy (Uncertainty) Engagement Quality Accuracy

Benefits of Real-Time Fusion

Competitive Advantage

Task Force XXI AWE

Increased Battlespace Awareness       - Where Am I?       - Where Are My Buddies       - Where Is te Enemy?

Increased Combat Effectiveness

		Before/After	OPTEMPO	Lethality	Survivability
• Plan Development (Div)		72 vs 12 hrs.
• Call for Fire		3 vs 0.5 min.
• Deliberate Attack (Co)		40 vs 20 min.
• Hasty Attack (Co)*		39 x 112 Red Loss
• Defense in Sector*		Loss vs Win
• Movement to Contract*		91 vs 128 Red Loss
Source: Army Digitization Overview - BG William L. Bond, 20 may 98
The Bottom Line is:		The EXFOR Division killed over twice the enemy in half the time, over three times the Battlespace, with 25% fewer Combat Platforms using Information Age Technology.
Task Force XXI AWE Integrated Report: Post-NTC Modeling of Opportunities	Source: Military CIS '98 - BG William L. Bond, 20 April 1998

Counter SOF

	Navy Component Commander's Number One Problem
Network-Centric Warfighting Concept: • Land-Sea engaggement network   - Shared awareness   - Increased engagements • Efficient resource allocation   - Weapon-target pairing   - Self-syncronization • Multi-service solution   - Coordination at "the seams" Source: NWDC Briefing to DRB for RMA               Oversight - 14 Jan 99               FBE Delta Quick Look Report

FBE Results and Implications

		Before/After	Self  Synchonization	OTEMPO	Lethality
• Avg Decision Cycle		43 vs 23 min.
• Mission Timeline		50% Decrease
• Shooter Effectiveness		50% Increase
• Assets Scrambled		15% Decrease
• Leakers		10x Decrease
The Bottom Line is:		FBE Delta demonstrated the potential for a networked force provided with shared awareness to self-synchronize and to accomplish the CSOF mission in half the time and to reduce SOF leakers by an order of magnitude.
Source: Fleet Battle Experiment Delta Quick Look Report An Assessment of IT-21 Warfighting Value-Added

EFX '98 Sharing and Collaboration

	Before/After
• Deployed Footprint	1500-2000 vs. 100-300
• Deployment Timeline	10-15 Days vs. 1-2 Days
• Air Lift Required	25 C-17 Loads vs. 2-3 C-17 Loads
	Virtual Collaboration: Moving Information - Not People
Source: EFX '98 Final Report

Network Centric Attack Ops

Network Centric Operations

Summary of Emerging Evidence

Agenda

• Purpose
• Information Superiority
• Network Centric Warfare
• Thoughts on Experimentation

From Concept to Capability

Organizing Logic for Experimentation

• IS and NCW Concepts Provide an Organizing Logic for Concept-Based Experimentation Based upon
  - Elements of Information Superiority
  - Attributes of a Network-Centric Force
  
  
• 
  - Hypotheses
  - Metrics (dependent variables)
  - Key Independent Variables ("treatments" and "conditions")
  

Evidence of Conversion

• The AOACMT Hypothesis
  - "IF we can establish a multi-spectral, cross-cued sensor network -- linked by
      a responsive decision mechanism to precision engagement means -- THEN
      we will be able to ..."
  
• and the Decomposed Version
• Represent Evidence of Intellectual Convergence with respect to Core IS and NCW Concepts and Metrics
• But We Need to Complete the Convergence
  - Separate Means from Ends (e.g. Sensor Networks from Awareness)
  - Develop Common Understanding of Key Cross-cutting Concepts and
     Metrics (e.g. Shared Awareness)
  

Experimental Space

Experimental Space

Power of IS / NCW Core Concepts

Experimental Space

Impact of NCW

		There is a growing body of evidence that
	Goals - Shape security environment - Deter aggression or abort conflict - Neutralize or degrade an adversary's capabilities - Across the spectrum of conflict Enabling - Preemptively foreclose adversary COA - Shock and Awe (Paralyze, Shatter, Disintegrate) - Increased Speed and Lethality - Reduced Risk and Increased Survivability NCW Characteristics and Capabilities - Increased Battlespace Awareness and Knowledge - Adaptive C2 Approaches and Organizational    Structures - Self-synchronizing Forces	NCW Enables an Isoquantal Shift Adapted from: "An Evolutionary Cornerstone for JV2010" 3/9/99. Prepared for the J6 by Roy Evans.

Illustrative Metrics

Experimentation Lessons "Recorded"

• There is a Learning Curve
  - What Future Technology Can Do
  - How to Co-Evolve MCPs
  


• The Value of the "Pre" and the "Post"
  - Importance of Focus
  - Value of Analysis
  


• Projecting Futre Technology is Necessary to Stay Ahead of the Power Curve
  - Information Superiority Advanced Technology Plan
  
  

Summary

• IS & NCW translates into Combat Power
• It is All About Creating and Leveraging an Information Advantage
  
  
• Sharing and Collaboration are the Key Processes
  
  
• "The emerging evidence for Network Centric Warfare as the intellectual basis
  for Joint Vision 2010 is compelling"    General Hugh Shelton, CJCS, June 22, 1999
  
  
• IS and NCW Core Concepts Provide an Effective Organizing Logic for Concept-Based Experimentation